Rockwell's America

POSTED: Jul 29, 2010 05:35 PM
By James Carman

Triple Self-Portrait (1960) by Norman Rockwell

Triple Self-Portrait
The Saturday Evening Post, February 13, 1960 (cover)
Oil on canvas (44 1/2 x 34 3/4 in.)
The Norman Rockwell Museum at Stockbridge, Massachusetts

I remain on the white picket fence about whether Norman Rockwell is a great artist. But on a recent Sunday, seeking escape from the blistering heat of the Washington streets in a crowded exhibition of the artist’s work drawn from the personal collections of filmmakers Steven Spielberg and George Lukas, the question seemed almost irrelevant. Rockwell is a consummate entertainer, and the easy appeal of his work remains undimmed more than 30 years after his death.

As critic Dave Hickey noted, in a 1999 Vanity Affair article distilled in our pages, Rockwell possessed “a tolerance for and faith in the young as the ground-level condition of democracy,” a quality that “distinguishes him as a peculiarly American artist.” That explains why so many of his best Saturday Evening Post covers focus on young people: the boy holding his bandaged pooch in the veterinarian’s waiting room, the tomboy besting her male companions at marbles, the pony-tailed girl watching her mother primping at a vanity.
 
What I found most intriguing about the work on exhibit, though, is the quality that attracted Spielberg and Lukas, who themselves have contributed as much to the cultural iconography of their time as Rockwell did to his. Rockwell’s paintings were not just staged; they were
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Climate Engineers: At It Again

POSTED: Jul 26, 2010 05:02 PM
By Rebecca Rosen

clouds and a bright sun by mararie.

With policies to reign in greenhouse gas emissions stalled both nationally and internationally, some scientists are exploring alternative ways to cool the planet, such as shooting reflective aerosols into the stratosphere, fertilizing the oceans with iron filings to stimulate the growth of carbon-dioxide–hungry plankton, and other geoengineering interventions.

Accordingly, a wave of books and articles about the possibility of engineering the climate is landing on bookstores and newsstands. Two good starting points: Hack the Planet, by Science writer Eli Kintisch, and a recent ScienceNews cover story by Erika Engelhaupt.
 
The desire to control the weather is nothing new. In The Wilson Quarterly’s Spring ’07 issue, Colby College professor James R. Fleming took a long and skeptical look at geoengineering attempts dating back to the mid-19th century. Fleming’s colorful portraits of agriculturalists, military strategists, and computer geniuses trying their hand at controlling the sun and clouds reveal a cautionary tale of foolhardiness motivated, of course, by only the purest of intentions. Fleming’s book on the topic, Fixing the Sky, will be published next month.

Photo credit: mararie
 
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Is Turkey Lost?

POSTED: Jul 21, 2010 04:34 PM
By Steven Lagerfeld

istanbul

Foreign policy was not the focus of Michael Thumann’s optimistic assessment of Turkey under the rule of the Muslim-oriented Justice and Development Party in our new issue (“Turkey’s Role Reversals,” Summer ’10), but the subject exploded into the news as we went to press when Israel’s interception of a Turkish aid flotilla bound for Gaza went tragically awry. A recent New York Times story supplied further evidence that members of Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Ergodan’s government were well aware of (and in sympathy with) the flotilla before it sailed. And even before the May imbroglio, Ankara’s efforts in concert with Brazil to broker a nuclear deal with Iran that could have derailed Western efforts to stop Iran’s nuclear weapons program with tougher sanctions, as well as Ergodan’s newly confrontational approach to Israel, had critics in a fury.  Turkey, they charged, had turned its back on the United States and the West.
 
In an email, Thumann brushes off such criticisms:
 
"The whole discussion about Turkey building an alliance with Iran and Syria is quite misleading. Instead of building new alliances, Turkey is rediscovering that its neighbors are Syria and Bulgaria, the EU and Iran, Israel and Russia. It is trying to find a suitable place in this contradictory neighborhood. And it has become an expanding industrial and trading power the Middle East and beyond. Its growing trade
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Poland's Growing Soft Power

POSTED: Jul 08, 2010 03:57 PM
By Megan Buskey

Poland’s New Ambitions,” journalist Andrew Curry’s Spring ’10 piece, described how Poland has made democracy promotion a foreign aid priority, funding Belarusian radio stations, training programs for Georgian civil society activists, and scholarships for Belarusian, Ukrainian, and Kyrgyz students to study at Polish universities.   

Poland has recently exerted diplomatic leadership in the field as well, reinvigorating the Community of Democracies (CoD), a decade-old multilateral organization spearheaded by American and Polish diplomats and designed to “respect and uphold… core democratic principles and practices.” Poland hosted the tenth meeting of the CoD July 2-4 in Krakow. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton delivered the keynote address, calling Poland “an example of what democracies can accomplish,” and announcing a $2 million fund to protect civil society activists. Representatives from 80 official delegations and 200 civil society activists from countries such as Russia, Cuba, Myanmar, and Zimbabwe attended the gathering.
 
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History on Tape

POSTED: Jul 02, 2010 10:58 AM
By Megan Buskey

Isom Moseley, October 1939, from the Library of Congress

Four million slaves were freed during the Civil War, but audio testimonies of only 26 former slaves have survived to this day, with a meager 10 accompanied by photographs of the people interviewed. That these few accounts exist at all is largely due to the Works Progress Administration, which hired unemployed folklorists, historians, and writers to interview 2,000 former slaves scattered across America between 1936 and 1938. The Library of Congress has excerpts of seven of the audio interviews on its website as part of its American Memory Project.  (A more complete compilation is available here, and HBO dramatized the interviews in the 2003 documentary film, Unchained Memories.)

You’ve heard stories like this before, but not told with all the gnarly, sweet, and revealing elements of the human voice. Former slave Charlie Smith claims that he was born in West Africa and lured onto a slave traders’ ship as a child with the promise that the ship contained a tree that bore fritters. Fountain Hughes, a 101-year-old man whose grandfather belonged to Thomas Jefferson, recalls that he and his family were “turned out like a bunch of cattle” after emancipation, and resorted to hiring themselves back to their former overlords for $1 a day.
 
The revelatory oral tradition of American slaves also makes appearances on the recordings. Eighty-nine-year-old Billy McCrea belts out “Blow Cornie Blow,” a ditty he remembers singing with other
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